Class XII Physical Education Solved Sample Question Paper-2

Solved Sample Question Paper - 2

Physical Education

Class XII

Time Allowed: 3 hours Max. Mark: 70

General Instructions:

All questions are compulsory.
Questions 1 to 11 carry 1 mark each. Answer in about 30 words.
Questions 12 to 19 carry 3 marks each. Answer in about 100 words.
Questions 20 to 26 carry 5 marks each. Answer in about 200 words.

Q1. What is strength? 1

Ans. Strength is the ability of body to overcome the resistance.

Q2. Prevention is better than cure? Justify 1

Ans. It is truly said that prevention is better than cure. If we take care in advance, follow all the rules and wear all the safety equipments of the game, we can avoid mishappenings in our life.

Q3. List down the qualities of a leader. 1

Ans. Good Speaker, Abstract Thinker.

Q4. What do you mean by balanced diet? 1

Ans. A diet which contains all the essential food constituents such as protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals and water in correct proportion is called balanced diet.

Q5. Define intramurals. 1

Ans. The activities which are conducted within the boundary wall of an institution.

Q6. What do you mean by round shoulders? 1

Ans. It is an increase of backward or posterior curve or a decrease or reversal of forward curve.

Q7. What is biomechanics? 1

Ans. Biomechanics is a branch of physics which deals with the human motion.

Q8. What do you mean by self-esteem and body image? 1

Ans. Body image is both the mental picture that you have of your body, and how you perceive yourself when you look at a mirror.

Self-esteem is how you value and respect yourself as a person - it is the “real” opinion that you have of yourself. Self-esteem impacts how you take care of yourself, emotionally, physically and spiritually. Body image and self-esteem also directly influence one another. If you hate your body, it’s not easy to feel good about yourself.

Q9. What is anxiety? 1

Ans. Anxiety is a disturbed state of the body or an unrealistic and unpleasant state of body and mind. It is accompanied by nervousness, restlessness, increased heart rate, sweating, drying of the mouth, and apprehension of danger, fear and rapid shallow breathing.

Q10. List any four training methods.

Ans. Some useful training methods are:

(a) Circuit training

(b) Interval training

(d) Fartlek training

(e) Weight training

Q11. Define speed. 1

Ans. Speed means to do motor actions under given condition in a minimum possible time.

Q12. Why are different type of shoes used for different playing surfaces? 3

Ans. Now a days sports are become more technical and scientific. As we know that every sports has his own rules and regulation and every game is played on different surfaces e.g. cricket on turf and grass, Volleyball on wooden, Badminton on synthetic court for that we require different types of shoes to maintain the friction level and balance of body. Shoes according to the playing surfaces also helps to avoid injuries of knee and ankle.

Q13. Discuss the effect of ageing on the size and strength of muscles. 3

Ans. When an individual gets older, there is a decline in muscle size. There is a decrease in muscle mass and increase in overall body fat. Due to decrease in muscle size, the strength of the muscles also decreases. The decrease in strength gradually occurs during the age of 35 to 45 years. However, even at the age of 60 the decrease in strength does not appear to exceed 20% of an individual’s maximum strength.

Q14. What is the impact of surface on the athlete/players? 3

Ans. The surfaces on which athletes run or play a large role in determining how well they perform and how likely they are to get injured. To understand why this is so, it’s important to realise that running is essentially a series of collisions between your body and the ground. There are different kinds of surfaces on which we play sports, e.g. natural grass, wooden flooring, synthetic surface for sport and recreational usage. One of the important aspects of sport surfaces is to improve athletic performance it has been suffered that the main feature of a sport surface that can affect the athletic performance is to store and return energy have argued that if some of the energy that an athlete requires far each step. Slide jump, landing etc. can be reused, through energy returns from the surface. In other words, one can achieve a given physical activity by using less energy and, there continue or activity during a longer period. The most important characteristic of a sport surface which may be related to performance is to give the maximum output by using less energy. Playing surfaces also play an important role to avoid sports injuries as when the friction is optimum and the hardness of the surface is according to the game the chances to get injured is much less. Playing surface also increase the life of ankles and knees by providing proper shock absorber between the body and surface of playing.

Q15. Explain the meaning, causes, precautions and remedies of Lordosis. 3

Ans. Lordosis is the inward curvature of spine. In fact, it is an increased forward curve in the lumber region. It creates problem in standing and walking.

Causes of lordosis: Generally imbalanced diet, improper environment-improper development of muscles, obesity and diseases affecting vertebrae and spinal muscles are such causes which result in lordosis.

Precautions:

• Balanced diet should be taken

• Obesity should be kept away especially in early age.

• The body should be kept straight while carrying weight.

Remedies: lordosis can be managed in the following way:

• From standing position bend forward from hip level. Repeat this exercise ten times.

• Lie down your back; raise your head and legs simultaneously for 10 times.

• Perform sit-ups regularly

• Halasana should be performed regularly

Q16. How does Regular Exercise help in reducing cholesterol level?

Ans. Regular exercise reduces the cholesterol level in our blood. The level of cholesterol in blood has a direct link with the blood pressure. So, light exercises are given to a patient of blood pressure, which decreases his cholesterol level in blood. In fact, exercises have a two-way effect on cholesterol. Firstly, exercises decrease the level of LDL (Low Density Lipo-protein) and increases the level of HDL (High Density Lipo-protein). It means that exercise decreases LDL (Bad cholesterol) and increases HDL (good cholesterol).

Q17. Discuss about the women ideology in India. 3

Ans. It has been observed constantly that instead of overall development of students, parents are after the merit and percentage of their child. Now it is necessary to inculcate the feeling that the sport is also a part of education and plays vital role in life of individual. Even in girl students, the attraction towards the games and sports would be decreased due to this academic competitive environment. If one wants to be a good sports person then he/she needs to practice constantly 3— 4 hours daily for 4-5 years.

For the girl students, it is necessary to come forward and increase their participation in sports and games. To increase the participation through the academic encouragement, the incentive marks can be given in their mark statement. If sports marks are allotted according to the level of participation then participation can be increased and in future it can be a good scenario in sports.

Q18. Regular exercise improves the blood flow in the body. Comment 3

Ans. Regular exercise makes these systems more efficient by enlarging the heart muscle, enabling more blood to be pumped with each stroke, and increasing the number of small arteries in trained skeletal muscles, which supply more blood to working muscles. Exercise improves the respiratory system by increasing the amount of oxygen that is inhaled and distributed to body tissue.

Q19. Discuss the role of diet on the performance of a sportsperson. 5

Ans. Any diet which has all the constituents of food, necessary for the maintenance and growth of body in sufficient amount is essential for all the individuals whether they perform simple work or engage in highly competitive sports. To know the role of particular diet, it would be better to know the role of essential nutrients on performance. These essential nutrients are described below:

1. Carbohydrate: Carbohydrate is also a major fuel for muscular contraction. Research studies suggest that carbohydrate is helpful in increasing the endurance of sports persons. Carbohydrate should not be given to athletes in excessive amount. It may be risky for them. Low level of carbohydrate usually results in exhaustion.

2. Protein: Protein is necessary for the growth and development of various tissues of the body. Now it has been recognized that some amount of protein is conserved as fuel for muscular work. If fat and carbohydrate are available, they are selected preferentially over protein as the source of energy.

3. Minerals: It is well known about minerals that their deficiency can decrease the performance specially during the exercise in hot climate. Sweating reduces the amount of sodium and chloride in the body. Excess amount of salt intake can lead to potassium loss and increased water retention. This condition can be harmful for the persons with hypertension. Still, there is no clear cut indication of research studies that the excess amount of intake of minerals improves the performance.

4. Water: Water is essential for life. The deficiency of water in body has shown decreased performance.

Q20. What do you mean by specific sports programmes? Explain about health run and run for unity in detail. 5

Ans. Specific sports programmes are such programmes of sports which are not usually related to competitions. These sports programmes have various objectives such as creating awareness among people regarding unity, health and diseases like AIDS, swine flu etc. and raising funds for charitable institutions or organizations.

Health Run: Health runs are organized by health department, sports department or social organizations. Usually their purpose is to ameliorate the standard of health in country along with raising funds for charity. Health run is such a great physical activity as offers a significant health benefits. Health run does not require any specific preparation. For health runs, the requirement is only a pair of shoes and light clothes. There is no competition in it but registration of participant is performed in advance. The date and time is also fixed well in advance. There is no age limit in health runs and the distance course of running is also fixed up.

Run for unity: Such a run is organized with a specific purpose i.e. to show unity and peace among the people of different religions. Its purpose may be national and international integration and brotherhood. In some countries, run for unity is organized to celebrate their independence. It may be in the form of relay race of long distance. Every participant runs some distance. The cash prize is given to the first three position holders. Such runs create harmony, peace and solidarity among people of different religions. It brings a sense of togetherness among people.

Q21. What are the factors affecting the Motor Development of children? 5

Ans. The factors affecting motor development of children are as follows:

(1) Nutrition: Nutritious food promotes good motor development. Sensory motor development is dependent upon nutrition that the child gets to a great extent. Children get stronger and development is good if they get nutritious food.

(2) Immunization: If mother and child both are immunized at a proper time, it leads to good sensory motor development.

(3) Environment: Encouragement, love and security help the child to take risk to explore fearlessly and to know more about environment which leads to a better sensory development.

(4) Opportunities: Children who get more opportunities to do more activities, motor development is better in them. Opportunities to play to gain knowledge give a better chance of developing sensory motor activities.

Q22. Why now a days a psychologist is needed in competitive sports activities. 5

Ans. As the competition is increasing day by day and the athlete has more mental stress and anxiety on their mind. To overcome these situation a psychologist is needed in sports. Psychologist makes the coaches aware of the fact that individuals, though a like in many respects, are different from one another in personality, make-up and capacities, abilities and acquired traits. It also helps coaches and athletes in goal setting and coping strategies, mental skills such as imagining, concentrating, focusing etc. Team interaction and cohesion are all practical tasks in which athletes, teachers, coaches and sport psychologist play a reciprocally cooperative but decisive roles. Psychologists also play a vital role in maintaining balance between the physical and mental dimensions of performance.

Q23. What principles should be followed for goal setting? 5

Ans. The following principles should be followed for goal setting:

(a) Make goals specific, measurable, and observable.

(b) Clearly identify time constraints.

(d) Write goals down and regularly monitor progress.

(e) Use a mix of process, performance, and outcome goals.

(f) Use short range goals to achieve long range goals.

(g) Set team as well as individual performance goals.

(h) Set practice as well as competition goals,

(i) Make sure goals are internalized by the athlete.

(j) Consider personality and individual differences in goal setting.

Q24. Define projectile and explain the factors which affect the projectile trajectory.

Ans. Projectile is an object thrown into the space either horizontally or at acute angle under the action of gravity is called a projectile. In the field of games and sport there are many examples of projectiles such as putting the shot, throwing a hammer, discus and javelin in athletics.

Three factors affecting projectile trajectory or parabola are as follows:

1. Angle of Projection: Any object when projected at different angles covers different distances. When it is projected or released at the angle of 30 degrees making a parabolic path. It covers less distance when it is projected at the angle of 60 deg. And covers more distance when projected at 45 degree angle.

2. Projection height relevant to the landing surface: If the height of the projection and the landing surface is equal then release the object at the angle of 45 degree. If the level of the landing surface is more that the height of projection, increases the angle of projection means above the 45 degree.

3. Spin: the spin also affects the flight of an object. In fact the amount and direction of spin acting on a projectile directly affects the distance covered or travelled by a projectile. The main reason behind this fact is the air pressure acting on the ball.

Q25. What do you mean by anxiety? Discuss the management of anxiety in detail.

Ans. The main aim of physical education teachers, trainers, coaches and sports psychologists is to enhance an individual’s performance at optimum level. To achieve this aim, they must consider the effect of anxiety on performance. In fact, anxiety is a psychological and physiological state of an individual. It can be managed in the following way:

(a) Start thinking about the last time you were performing at the top of your game. After that enlist energy detail you might associate with your ‘winning feeling’. Then pick out the eight most important aspects of this positive feeling and write them down. Think those winning feelings. Naturally, it will help to create an optimum competitive mindset.

(b) Stop negative thoughts such as ‘I cannot do better’ or ‘it is impossible to beat him in the competition’. Instead of these negative thoughts, think positive such as ‘I can do much better’ or ‘I will be the winner’.

Q26. Write an essay on participation of girls in sports. 5

Ans. In India Gender difference is a major issue in sports. The women participation in sports has been a cultural concern with a negative connotation. In general, it is considered appropriate that women are born for feminine roles only and sport roles fall out of this social orbit. Currently, sport for women represents a fast growing changing element in Indian culture, and recent trends have sparked a need for knowledge about the female sport participation, constraints of women participation in sports in India due to parental, community, tradition, religion, college and personal constraints and pressures Percentage ratio of men and women is 52.48 and percentage ratio for the literacy among the men and women is 70 and 48, respectively. Woman play vital role in development of India. Hence she should get the representation in all area like education, employment and sports. But even after the 62 years of the independence, women are still deprived in this male dominant culture and her participation is very negligible in sports.

The first Indian women to participate in the Olympics were in 1952. In 1975, the Government of India instituted the National Sports festival for women with a view to promote women’s sports.

Here is some new facts regarding women’s non-participation in games and sports. The results may go a long way in removing some of these prejudices, thus, some hidden talents of women will be helpful to improve the level of participation and achievement at the national and international level of Indian women.

1. No parental encouragement: There has been lack of encouragement from the parents and family members.

2. Traditional society: The traditional way of living was a big hurdle for women taking part in games and sports.

3. Less knowledge: There was lack of sports orientation of the people living in the society. Taking part in games and sports for women has not been become a common phenomenon.

4. Less motivation and inspiration: There had not been a good leadership among physical education personnel and a proper motivating system.

5. Women constraining other women: It has been clearly found that government college women had expressed more constraints compared to private college women.

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